The Northwest-passage as well as the transpolar route will also become seasonally accessible in the 2020-2030 period. The travel between Western Europe and East-Asia can be reduced by two weeks when choosing this route. 71 vessels from 11 different nations used the passage in 2013. The Northern Sea Route on the Russian coast is already open through July to December and normally ice-free in September and October. The leading nations of the world will increase their presence in the region and emphasize its access and security as a global maritime commons. Global commercial shipping will gradually utilize new shipping lanes in the Arctic, which also holds an abundance of petroleum, gas, minerals, and important fish stocks. The world’s attention is now increasingly on the Arctic, where melting polar ice ensures access to new areas faster than previously expected. Finally, NATO is becoming relatively weaker because of decreasing European defense spending, American reluctance to cover the expenses, as well as divergent national interests and conflicting views on Article 5 collective response scenarios. is gradually shifting its effort to the Asia-Pacific, while fiscal challenges necessitate a reduced footprint elsewhere. The Russian loss of confidence in diplomacy and international law is a dangerous trajectory converging with increased Arctic competition. Secondly, Russia will continue its confrontational line with the West, while strengthening its global power status through commercial and military activities in the High North and strategic cooperation with new Asian partners. First, climate change will gradually melt Arctic ice, opening a new ocean for shipping and competition for natural resources. The Norwegian National Security Strategy must address these challenges by refocusing NATO, enhancing bilateral partnerships, and strengthening the Norwegian Armed Forces.įour reverberant strategic trends are converging to increase pressure on Russian neighbor Norway and NATO’s Arctic flank.
This writing discusses the deteriorating strategic environment that will challenge Norwegian security again in the coming decades, and the necessary responses to them.
The invasion of Norway was an act of brutal realism, where the comparative power of states and alliances within an anarchic international system is decisive for strategic decision making. Extending the frontline to a secondary northern front put pressure on the crumbling British and French resistance on the European continent. Fortress Norway ensured all-year access to the Atlantic for the Kriegsmarine, as well as iron ore transport for the German war industry. A great power was contemplating a smaller state with strategic importance, but without any significant defense capability and no credible allies. Released under CreativeCommons Attribution ShareAlike ( ).Germany’s assault on neutral Norway in April 1940 was swift and surprising. Nordic Battlegroup edit by rainingtomorrow Macedonia, Serbia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Montenegro, Albania, Croatia, Italy (mainland and Sicily), Malta ( ).
List of updated boarders/coastlines: British Isles (+ added Isle of Wight, Skye, various smaller islands), the Netherlands, Germany, Czech Republic, Denmark, Sweden, Finland, Poland, Kaliningrad Oblast of the Russian Federation (and minor tweaks to Lithuania), Ukraine, Moldova (minor), Romania, Bulgaria, Turkey, Greece, F.Y.R. Moved major lakes to their own object and added more. Added Kosovo and Northern Cyprus as disputed territories.
Updated various coastlines and boarders and added various islands not previously shown (details follow). Uploaded on behalf of User:Checkit, direct complaints to him plox: 'Moved countries out of the "outlines" group, removed "outlines" style class, remove separate style information for Russia' ( )
#NORDIC BATTLE GROUP COMMERCIAL CODE#
Updated to include British Crown Dependencies as seperate entities and regroup them as "British Islands", with some simplifications to the XML and CSS: James Hardy ( )Ĭhanged the country code of Serbia to RS per and the file ( ) Updated to reflect dissolution of Serbia & Montenegro: Recolouring and tagging with country codes: Marian "maix" Sigler ( ) Īsais nosaukumsĪ map of European countries participating in Nordic Battlegroup Ja šis fails pēc tam ir ticis modificēts, šie dati var neatbilst izmaiņām (var būt novecojuši). Šis fails satur papildu informāciju, kuru, visticamāk, ir pievienojis digitālais fotoaparāts vai skeneris, ar ko veidots fails.